Blog – CTeBockhorst's Blog

The Psychology of Homebuying and Emotions vs. Financial Logic

July 9, 2025 by Coleen TeBockhorst

Buying a home is not just a financial decision, it is an emotional one too. For many people, homeownership represents stability, success, and personal freedom. Whether it is the excitement of finding your dream kitchen or imagining holidays with family, emotions naturally come into play. These feelings can create a strong connection to a property and often influence the decisions buyers make, sometimes even more than logic does.

Why Emotions Often Drive Decisions
When touring homes, buyers may be swayed by how a space makes them feel rather than what fits their budget or long-term needs. It is easy to fall in love with a charming entryway or beautiful backyard and overlook less visible but important details like the age of the roof or the neighborhood s future growth. Emotions can also cause buyers to rush decisions or engage in bidding wars that push them over budget.

Balancing Heart and Head
While emotions are a natural part of the process, financial logic should not be ignored. It is important to create a budget before you start house hunting and stick to it. This includes factoring in monthly payments, property taxes, maintenance, and insurance. A home that feels perfect today might become a burden if it stretches your finances too far. Staying grounded in what you can realistically afford helps prevent regret after the keys are in your hand.

The Role of Pre-Approval and Planning
Getting pre-approved for a mortgage is one of the best ways to set realistic expectations and bring logic into the process early. Knowing your price range helps you avoid falling in love with homes that are out of reach. Working with a trusted mortgage advisor can also help clarify how much you are truly comfortable spending, not just what you qualify for on paper.

Using a Real Estate Agent as a Neutral Guide
An experienced real estate agent can act as a buffer between your emotions and your financial goals. They can point out pros and cons that might be overlooked in the excitement of a showing. A good agent understands the psychology of homebuying and helps you stay focused on your priorities, even when your heart wants to lead the way.

Taking a Pause to Reflect
If you find yourself emotionally attached to a property, take a step back and revisit your list of must-haves and nice-to-haves. Ask yourself if the home truly aligns with your lifestyle and goals. Sometimes taking a night to think before making an offer can provide the clarity you need to make a confident decision.

Smart Homebuying Is About Balance
The best homebuying decisions come from a balance of emotion and logic. It is okay to fall in love with a home, but make sure your heart and budget are aligned. Buying a home is a big step, and approaching it with both excitement and a clear financial plan sets you up for long-term happiness.

How to Finance Energy-Efficient Home Improvements with a Mortgage

July 8, 2025 by Coleen TeBockhorst

As more homeowners look for ways to reduce utility bills and make their homes environmentally friendly, energy-efficient improvements have become a smart investment. The good news is that you do not need to pay out of pocket for all the upgrades at once. There are mortgage financing options that allow you to make energy-efficient improvements while also making your home more comfortable and affordable in the long run.

One of the most common ways to finance these improvements is through an Energy Efficient Mortgage, or EEM. This type of loan is designed to help borrowers finance energy-saving upgrades as part of their home purchase or refinance. With an EEM, the cost of improvements is rolled into the total mortgage amount. This means you are not required to take out a separate loan or use a credit card to cover the cost. EEMs are available through both conventional and government-backed loan programs including FHA and VA loans.

If you are purchasing a home that needs new insulation, solar panels, or high-efficiency HVAC systems, you can include those upgrades in your initial mortgage. The lender will often require a home energy assessment to determine the projected energy savings. If the savings are greater than the cost of the improvements, it can strengthen your approval odds.

Another option is a renovation loan such as the FHA 203k or Fannie Mae’s HomeStyle Renovation loan. These programs allow borrowers to finance both the home purchase and the cost of energy-efficient upgrades into a single mortgage. This is particularly helpful for buyers interested in fixer-uppers or older homes in need of major energy-saving renovations.

For homeowners who already have a mortgage but want to upgrade, a cash-out refinance may be the right solution. With a cash-out refinance, you can access a portion of your home’s equity and use the funds to make energy-efficient improvements. While this option does increase your loan balance, the potential savings on monthly utility bills and increased home value often make it a worthwhile investment.

Many states offer local programs and incentives for energy-efficient upgrades, including rebates and tax credits. It is worth checking what is available in your area, as combining those incentives with mortgage financing can significantly reduce your out-of-pocket costs.

Energy-efficient improvements not only lower your energy bills, they also make your home more marketable in the future. Buyers are increasingly interested in homes with sustainable features, meaning the investment you make today can pay off later when it is time to sell.

Before choosing a financing option, talk with a mortgage professional who understands the different programs available and can guide you through the process. Whether you are buying, refinancing, or renovating, there are ways to finance energy-efficient upgrades that make sense for your long-term goals.

What’s Ahead For Mortgage Rates This Week – July 7th, 2025

July 7, 2025 by Coleen TeBockhorst

With next week featuring both the CPI and PPI reports, the release schedule for this upcoming week will be extremely light. This previous week featured a small number of notable data releases. First being the trade deficit which has shown a sharp decline due to the tariff policies, but has increased again with the pause on tariffs. The manufacturing sector has seen growth as well with the PMI Manufacturing data, but inflation also proves to have grown just as much. Lastly, employment numbers have shown a stronger than expected labor market, but there are still expectations that things will cool further.

Manufacturing PMI
The headline index from the report, the seasonally adjusted S&P Global US Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index, improved to 52.9 in June, from 52.0 in May. The latest reading was the highest since May 2022, and indicative of a solid rate of expansion. It was also the sixth successive month in which the PMI has posted above the critical 50.0 no-change mark.

Manufacturers recorded a first rise in production for four months. Growth was the second-steepest since March 2024, surpassed only by February’s near three-year record.

Employment Data
The U.S. added a decent 147,000 jobs in June, pointing to resilience in the labor market. But the pace of hiring has slowed since last year as businesses grapple with trade wars and the crackdown on immigration. About half of the new jobs were created by state and local governments, taking some shine off a seemingly solid report. The private sector only added 74,000 jobs, marking the smallest increase in eight months.

Trade Deficit
The U.S. goods and services trade deficit increased in May 2025 according to the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis and the U.S. Census Bureau. The deficit increased from $60.3 billion in April (revised) to $71.5 billion in May, as exports decreased more than imports. The goods deficit increased $11.2 billion in May to $97.5 billion. The services surplus decreased $0.1 billion in May to $26.0 billion.

Primary Mortgage Market Survey Index
• 15-Yr FRM rates saw a decrease of -0.09% for this week, with the current rates at 5.80%
• 30-Yr FRM rates saw a decrease of of -0.10% for this week, with the current rates at 6.67%

MND Rate Index
• 30-Yr FHA rates saw an increase of 0.06% for this week, with the current rates at 6.27%
• 30-Yr VA rates saw an increase of 0.07% for this week, with the current rates at 6.29%

Jobless Claims
Initial Claims were reported to be 233,000 compared to the expected claims of 240,000. The prior week landed at 237,000.

What’s Ahead
An extremely light release week with nothing of note. The following week will feature inflation data with the CPI and PPI reports.

Reflecting on the Meaning of Independence Day

July 4, 2025 by Coleen TeBockhorst

As Americans prepare to celebrate the Fourth of July, it is important to reflect on the core values that define our nation: freedom, opportunity, and the pursuit of a better life. These same ideals continue to inspire individuals and families across the country to pursue homeownership, which remains a foundational part of financial independence and long-term security.

A Historic Commitment to Liberty and Opportunity
Independence Day commemorates the signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. This historic moment marked the beginning of a new chapter, centered on liberty and self-determination. Today, those principles are still deeply connected to the American Dream, especially when it comes to owning a home.

Why Homeownership Reflects the American Dream
Homeownership is more than just acquiring property. It is a symbol of stability, progress, and personal achievement. For many, it represents a space to create memories, raise children, and invest in the future. A mortgage is not simply a financial obligation. It is a tool that makes the dream of ownership attainable. It opens the door to long-term equity, community involvement, and pride in what has been built through dedication and hard work.

Building Freedom Through Smart Mortgage Planning
This Fourth of July, while celebrating the freedoms secured by past generations, it is also meaningful to consider how homeownership contributes to a secure and independent future. Whether you are a first-time buyer or planning your next home, the right mortgage strategy can help you reach your goals with confidence.

Independence Begins at Home
Let us honor the spirit of independence by building futures that reflect the values of freedom, commitment, and progress.

Understanding the Basics of Mortgage Securitization

July 3, 2025 by Coleen TeBockhorst

What Is Mortgage Securitization?
Mortgage securitization is the financial process of pooling together multiple mortgage loans and converting them into tradable investment securities. These securities are then sold to investors in the secondary market. This process provides liquidity to lenders, enabling them to issue more loans and support continued access to home financing.

How the Process Works
The process typically begins with a lender originating mortgage loans. These loans are then sold to a financial institution or a government-sponsored enterprise such as Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. The institution bundles the loans into a mortgage-backed security (MBS), which is structured and issued to investors. Payments made by homeowners on the underlying mortgages are passed through to the investors as returns.

Key Players in Mortgage Securitization
There are several important participants in the securitization process:

Originators: Mortgage lenders that create the initial loans.
Issuers: Institutions that pool and package the loans into securities.
Trustees: Entities that ensure the terms of the security are followed.
Investors: Individuals or institutions that purchase the securities and receive payments based on the performance of the underlying loans.
Servicers: Companies responsible for collecting payments from borrowers and distributing funds to investors.

Benefits of Mortgage Securitization
Mortgage securitization brings a number of advantages to both lenders and the overall financial system. These include:

Increased liquidity in the mortgage market.
The ability for lenders to recycle capital and issue new loans.
Diversification for investors by providing access to real estate-backed assets.
Lower borrowing costs for consumers due to improved market efficiency.

Risks and Considerations
While mortgage securitization supports market stability and growth, it is not without risk. Investors must consider the quality of the underlying loans, the potential for borrower default, and the structure of the security. Poor underwriting practices and inadequate risk assessment were major contributors to the financial crisis of 2008. Since then, stronger regulatory oversight and better transparency have been implemented to mitigate these risks.

Why It Matters to Homeowners and Borrowers
Although the process occurs largely behind the scenes, mortgage securitization directly affects the availability and pricing of home loans. It plays a critical role in ensuring that capital is consistently available to fund new mortgages, which helps keep interest rates competitive and expands access to homeownership.

Conclusion: The Engine Behind Mortgage Lending
Mortgage securitization is a foundational element of modern housing finance. Understanding how it works provides valuable insight into the broader mortgage market and its impact on borrowers, lenders, and investors alike.

Understanding the Federal Housing Administration Title I Home Improvement Loan Program

July 2, 2025 by Coleen TeBockhorst

Introduction to the Program
The Federal Housing Administration Title I Home Improvement Loan Program is a government-backed initiative designed to help homeowners finance necessary repairs, upgrades, and improvements to their primary residence. Established under the National Housing Act, this program makes funding accessible for individuals who may not qualify for traditional home equity loans due to limited equity or lower credit scores.

Purpose and Scope of the Loan
This loan program was created to support the maintenance and improvement of existing housing, thereby preserving the nation’s housing stock and enhancing community stability. The funds can be used for a wide range of home improvement projects that improve livability, utility, or safety. These improvements can include roofing, plumbing, structural repairs, heating and cooling systems, accessibility modifications, and more.

Who Is Eligible to Apply
To qualify for the Federal Housing Administration Title I loan, applicants must be the owner of the property and occupy it as their primary residence. In some cases, tenants may also qualify with the property owner’s approval. There is no minimum home equity requirement, which makes this loan especially helpful for newer homeowners or those living in areas with modest property values.

Loan Terms and Limits
The Federal Housing Administration Title I loan is available for both single-family and multifamily properties. For single-family homes, the maximum loan amount is typically thirty-five thousand dollars, with repayment terms extending up to twenty years.

Interest rates are set by the individual lenders and are generally based on the current market. These loans are unsecured; this feature reduces risk for the homeowner and simplifies the application process.

Permitted Uses of Funds
Loan proceeds must be used for permanent improvements that enhance the use or value of the property. Common eligible uses include:

Roof repair or replacement
Window and door replacement
Plumbing and electrical system updates
Heating and air conditioning installation
Accessibility enhancements for individuals with disabilities
Kitchen and bathroom remodeling
Energy efficiency improvements

Benefits of the Program
The Federal Housing Administration Title I Home Improvement Loan Program offers several key benefits to borrowers:

Accessibility for homeowners with limited equity
Flexible use for a broad range of essential home improvements
Long repayment terms that help manage monthly payments
No need for a home appraisal or significant documentation in many cases
Government insurance reduces risk for lenders, increasing borrower eligibility

These features make the program an attractive option for homeowners who need to make critical updates without taking on a second mortgage or drawing from existing equity.

How to Apply
To apply, homeowners should first contact a lender that is approved to offer Federal Housing Administration Title I loans. The lender will review the borrower’s financial situation, discuss the scope of the improvement project, and guide the borrower through the documentation and underwriting process.

A Practical Option for Necessary Home Upgrades
The Federal Housing Administration Title I Home Improvement Loan Program provides a practical, accessible financing option for homeowners who need to invest in the safety, efficiency, and longevity of their property.

For homeowners who need to repair, upgrade, or improve their home without significant equity or savings, this program may serve as a responsible and effective solution.

The Impact of Gender and Race on Mortgage Approval Rates

July 1, 2025 by Coleen TeBockhorst

Addressing Inequity in Lending
The mortgage approval process is a critical step in the path to homeownership. While lending guidelines are designed to promote fair and consistent evaluation, studies have shown that disparities persist based on gender and race. These differences raise important concerns about equal access to credit and the long-term effects on wealth building, community development, and financial equity in the United States.

Understanding the Approval Process
Mortgage approval decisions are based on a range of factors, including credit history, income, employment, debt-to-income ratio, and property value. In principle, these criteria are applied uniformly. However, when outcomes differ significantly across demographic groups, it suggests that deeper systemic issues may be influencing the process.

Disparities by Race
Data has shown that applicants who identify as Black, Hispanic, or Native American are more likely to be denied mortgage loans than White or Asian applicants, even when controlling for key financial variables. In many cases, these applicants are also offered less favorable loan terms, such as higher interest rates or increased fees.

The reasons for these disparities are complex and include factors such as historical redlining, lower rates of intergenerational wealth, unequal access to financial education, and ongoing discrimination within the housing and lending industries. While fair lending laws are in place, enforcement and accountability remain challenges in ensuring consistent application.

Disparities by Gender
Gender also plays a role in mortgage lending outcomes. While the approval rate gap between male and female applicants is narrower than that seen across racial lines, disparities still exist. Single female applicants tend to be approved at lower rates than single male applicants and are more likely to receive higher-cost loans.

Contributing factors may include differences in income, employment patterns, and credit profiles, but bias cannot be ruled out.

Intersectionality: The Overlapping Effects of Race and Gender
For individuals who experience both racial and gender bias, such as Black or Hispanic women, the impact can be even more pronounced. These borrowers may face a compounded disadvantage in the approval process and in the terms they are offered. Addressing the mortgage gap therefore requires a nuanced approach that recognizes how multiple aspects of identity influence financial outcomes.

Long-Term Impact on Wealth and Housing Stability
The effects of unequal mortgage approval rates extend far beyond the individual applicant. Homeownership is one of the most powerful tools for building wealth in the United States. When certain groups are systematically excluded or disadvantaged in the lending process, it limits their ability to accumulate equity, achieve financial stability, and pass wealth on to future generations.

Efforts Toward Equity and Fair Lending
Financial institutions, regulators, and advocacy groups have taken steps to address lending disparities. These efforts include increased transparency in lending data, enhanced training on fair lending laws, and expanded outreach to underserved communities. The use of alternative credit scoring models and community reinvestment programs are also gaining attention as ways to promote equity.

However, meaningful progress requires a sustained commitment to identifying and eliminating discriminatory practices, both overt and subtle. Equal access to credit is not only a matter of compliance but also a moral imperative and an economic necessity. Expanding fair access to mortgage lending helps create stronger families, healthier communities, and a more equitable future for all.

What’s Ahead For Mortgage Rates This Week – June 30th, 2025

June 30, 2025 by Coleen TeBockhorst

With the passing of the previous busy weeks of rate decisions, this week features the Federal Reserve’s preferred inflation report in the PCE Index, which has shown that inflation has come in hotter than expected for the month of May. This likely cements the Federal Reserve’s decision to take no action until later and further confirming most economists’ predictions. The consumer confidence has also taken a hit as it has further declined again for the month of May, indicating there is still significant apprehension within the markets and consumers alike. This is accompanied by Consumer Spending data, which met expectations, as many consumers had already begun pulling back on spending in response to tariff policies before many of those measures were paused.

PCE Index
In an updated forecast, Federal Reserve officials now expect inflation, as measured by the core personal-consumption expenditures (PCE) index, to jump to 3.1% by the end of the year, up from a rate of 2.5% in April.

Consumer Spending
Americans cut spending in May after buying lots of new cars and other goods earlier in the year to beat U.S. tariffs, underscoring how ongoing trade wars are disrupting the economy. Personal spending fell 0.1% last month, the government said Friday. It was the first decline since January.

Consumer Sentiment
The ongoing trade wars haven’t faded from public view. Consumer confidence fell in June, as Americans grew more pessimistic about the future of the economy and their ability to find a job. The index of consumer confidence declined to 93 last month from 98.4 in May, when the Trump administration dialed back the highest U.S. tariffs.

Primary Mortgage Market Survey Index
• 15-Yr FRM rates saw a decrease of -0.07% for this week, with the current rates at 5.89%
• 30-Yr FRM rates saw a decrease of of -0.04% for this week, with the current rates at 6.77%

MND Rate Index
• 30-Yr FHA rates saw a decrease of -0.19% for this week, with the current rates at 6.22%
• 30-Yr VA rates saw a decrease of -0.19% for this week, with the current rates at 6.23%

Jobless Claims
Initial Claims were reported to be 236,000 compared to the expected claims of 246,000. The prior week landed at 246,000.

What’s Ahead
Non-farm Payrolls, Job Data, Manufacturing PMI Data will be the largest reports out for next week. The most important data reflecting the impact of tariffs has already been released.

What’s Ahead For Mortgage Rates This Week – June 16th, 2025

June 16, 2025 by Coleen TeBockhorst

The CPI and PPI have yet to reveal the impacts of the tariff policies that were placed temporarily, which gives some potential insight that there might be a path forward for the Federal Reserve to look at potential rate cuts. However, economists across many industries are expecting inflation to increase temporarily as an impact for the policies that were put in place.

Significant uncertainty remains across many import and export markets, with major players opting to err on the side of caution while awaiting a final decision from the administration regarding its policies. Consumer sentiment has shown a slight improvement for the first time in six months, offsetting the largely negative outlook that has dominated the market since the onset of the trade wars.

Consumer Price Index
Top Federal Reserve officials and Wall Street economists still think higher U.S. tariffs will cause prices to increase over the summer, however. The evidence was thin in May. The consumer-price index rose a mere 0.1% last month, the Bureau of Labor Statistics said Wednesday. That was a tick below Wall Street’s forecast. The 12-month increase in consumer prices edged up to 2.4% from a four-year low of 2.3%.

Producer Price Index
Americans have yet to feel any sting of inflation from the Trump tariffs when they go shopping. Now, a new look at wholesale prices suggests the coast might be clear for at least a little while longer. The producer-price index rose a scant 0.1% in May, the government said Thursday, coming in below the Wall Street forecast.

Consumer Sentiment
The University of Michigan’s closely watched gauge of U.S. consumer sentiment rose to 60.5 in a preliminary June reading from 52.2 in the prior month. This was the first improvement in six months. The gain was larger than forecast. Economists polled by the Wall Street Journal had expected sentiment to rise to 54 from the month-earlier reading of 52.2.

Primary Mortgage Market Survey Index
o 15-Yr FRM rates saw a decrease of -0.02% for this week, with the current rate at 5.97%
o 30-Yr FRM rates saw a decrease of -0.01% for this week, with the current rate at 6.84%

MND Rate Index
o 30-Yr FHA rates saw a decrease of -0.02% for this week. Current rates at 6.45%
o 30-Yr VA rates saw a decrease of -0.03% for this week. Current rates at 6.47%

Jobless Claims
Initial Claims were reported to be 248,000 compared to the expected claims of 246,000. The prior week landed at 248,000.

What’s Ahead
The next FOMC Rate Decision is up ahead next week. Nothing is expected from this rate decision, as the Federal Reserve has stated repeatedly they have no plans to change things until policies are settled. Leading indicators have also been a significant player in the latest releases with many things being very uncertain.

Creative Strategies for Saving on Closing Costs

June 13, 2025 by Coleen TeBockhorst

When you are budgeting for a new home, it’s easy to focus on the down payment, but do not forget the closing costs. These fees typically range from 2% to 5% of the home’s purchase price and cover things like the appraisal, title search, loan origination, and other administrative expenses. For many buyers, especially first-timers, they can feel like an unwelcome surprise.

The good news? There are creative, effective ways to reduce these expenses and make homeownership more affordable.

1. Negotiate With the Seller

In a buyer-friendly market, you may be able to negotiate for the seller to cover part (or all) of your closing costs. This is called a seller concession, and it can be a powerful tool when structured correctly in your purchase agreement. Keep in mind that there are limits based on loan type and how much you’re putting down, so it’s important to strategize with your mortgage professional and real estate agent.

2. Ask About Lender Credits

Some lenders offer credits that can reduce your upfront closing costs in exchange for a slightly higher interest rate. While this might mean paying more overtime, it can be a smart move if you’re short on cash now and plan to refinance or sell within a few years.

3. Shop Around for Services

Not all closing costs are set in stone. Fees like title insurance, pest inspection, or the survey can vary depending on the provider. Ask your lender for a Loan Estimate early in the process and compare quotes from multiple providers for the services you’re allowed to shop for. A few calls can save you hundreds.

4. Use a First-Time Buyer Program or Grant

There are local, state, and even national programs that offer down payment and closing cost assistance to qualified buyers. Many of these are aimed at first-time buyers, veterans, or low-to-moderate income households. These programs may offer grants or forgivable loans to help reduce out-of-pocket costs.

5. Roll Costs Into the Loan (If Eligible)

For some loan types, like VA or USDA loans, you may be able to roll certain closing costs into your loan balance. While this increases your total loan amount, it can ease the upfront burden when cash is tight.

6. Plan Your Timing Carefully

The day you close can impact certain prorated costs like property taxes or prepaid interest. Closing at the end of the month, for example, can lower the amount of prepaid interest you owe at closing. Small timing tweaks can add up to big savings.

Closing costs do not have to catch you off guard or break your budget. With a little planning, negotiation, and the right guidance, you can minimize what you pay without sacrificing the quality of your loan or service.

Give me a call to discuss your goals and explore which strategies might work best for your situation!